Table 1 Characteristics of the PMV and the non-PMV patients

Age (years; median [IQR])

73.0 [66.0–79.0]

70 [59.0–79.0]

0.19

Sex (male n, %)

64 (68.8)

65 (63.1)

0.40

 Heart disease

17 (18.3)

30 (29.1)

0.08

 Respiratory disease

9 (9.7)

8 (7.8)

0.63

 Renal disease

7 (7.5)

7 (6.8)

0.84

 Cerebrovascular disease

12 (12.9)

10 (9.7)

0.48

< 0.001

  Elective surgery

4 (4.3)

23 (22.3)

  Ward

33 (35.5)

14 (13.6)

  Emergency department

47 (50.5)

46 (44.7)

  Emergency surgery

9 (9.7)

20 (19.4)

  Neurosurgical disease

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

− 

  Cardiovascular disease

6 (6.5)

24 (23.3)

< 0.001

  Gastrointestinal disease

6 (6.5)

17 (16.5)

0.03

  Others

1 (1.1)

2 (1.1)

0.62

  Acute respiratory disease

43 (46.2)

30 (29.1)

0.01

  Cardiovascular disease

6 (6.5)

24 (23.3)

0.001

  Septic shock

10 (10.8)

5 (4.9)

0.12

  Post-cardiac arrest syndrome

10 (10.8)

12 (11.7)

0.84

  Trauma

9 (9.7)

5 (4.9)

0.19

  Neuromuscular disease

4 (4.3)

0 (0.0)

0.03

  Central nervous system disease

2 (2.2)

3 (2.9)

0.78

  Others

5 (5.4)

11 (10.7)

0.20

APACHE II score (mean ± standard deviation)

25.6 ± 6.6

24.3 ± 6.6

0.16

Steroid use during MV (n, %)

35 (37.6)

19 (18.5)

0.003

Neuromuscular blocker use during MV (n, %)

7 (7.5)

13 (12.6)

0.24

Vasoactive drug use during MV (n, %)

62 (66.7)

69 (67.0)

0.96

Continuous renal replacement therapy during MV (n, %)

13 (14.0)

7 (6.8)

0.10

Spontaneous breathing trail within 21 days (n, %)

38 (40.9)

85 (82.5)

< 0.001

Tracheostomy (n, %)

85 (91.4)

6 (5.8)

< 0.001

Time from MV initiation to tracheostomy (days; median [IQR])

14 (9–18)

9 (7–19)

0.02

Duration of MV (days; median [IQR])

37.0 [27.0–62.0]

–

–

ICU/HCU stay (days; median [IQR])

34.0 [25.0–49.5]

7.0 [5.0–10.0]

< 0.001

Hospital stay (days; median [IQR])

74.0 [45.0–122.0]

35 [17.0–51.0]

< 0.001

Hospital mortality (n, %)

51 (54.8)

22 (21.4)

< 0.001