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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of women between NEL and EL groups

From: The effect of labor epidural analgesia on labor, delivery, and neonatal outcomes: a propensity score-matched analysis in a single Japanese institute

 

Unmatched population (N = 2632)

Propensity score-matched population (N = 436)

 

NEL (N = 2406)

EL (N = 226)

SMD (%)

p value

NEL (N = 218)

EL (N = 218)

SMD (%)

p value

Age

32.4 ± 5.7

34.9 ± 5.4

44.1

< 0.001

34.5 ± 5.6

34.7 ± 5.4

2.0

0.82

Height (cm)

158.2 ± 7.6

158.7 ± 8.8

6.5

0.39

158.5 ± 11.0

158.7 ± 8.9

1.7

0.86

Weight (kg)

63.0 ± 9.9

65.4 ± 11.0

24.0

0.001

64.8 ± 10.2

65.1 ± 10.7

3.7

0.71

Gestational week

39.5 ± 1.2

39.9 ± 1.2

33.3

< 0.001

39.8 ± 1.1

39.9 ± 1.2

5.8

0.55

Parity

  

− 12.8

0.07

  

− 7.3

0.30

 0

894 (37.2)

102 (45.1)

  

92 (42.2)

99 (45.4)

  

 1

753 (31.3)

66 (29.2)

  

57 (25.2)

63 (28.9)

  

 2

435 (18.1)

27 (11.9)

  

37 (16.4)

25 (11.5)

  

 > 3

320 (13.3)

31 (13.7)

  

30 (13.3)

31 (13.7)

  

Gravidity

  

− 32.0

< 0.001

  

1.4

0.22

 0

1239 (51.5)

163 (72.1)

  

146 (67.0)

155 (71.1)

  

 1

818 (34.0)

41 (18.1)

  

54 (24.8)

41 (18.8)

  

 2

263(10.9)

15 (6.6)

  

13 (6.0)

15 (6.9)

  

 > 3

84 (3.5)

7 (3.1)

  

3 (1.4)

7 (3.2)

  

Complications

 Psychiatric disorder

149 (6.2)

34 (15.0)

1.3

< 0.001

31 (14.2)

29 (13.3)

0.13

0.89

 Neurological disorder

32 (1.3)

7 (3.1)

6.8

0.07

5 (2.3)

6 (2.8)

− 0.23

0.76

 Hypertension

49 (2.0)

11 (4.9)

4.1

0.006

    

 Asthma

190 (7.9)

20 (8.8)

2.5

0.61

13 (6.0)

19 (8.7)

− 1.6

0.36

 Hyperthyroidism

190 (7.9)

25 (11.1)

2.0

0.10

24 (11.0)

25 (11.5)

− 0.10

0.99

 Myoma

236 (9.8)

21 (9.3)

2.5

0.81

19 (8.7)

20 (9.2)

− 0.15

0.88

 PIH

112 (4.7)

14 (6.2)

3.6

0.30

14 (6.4)

14 (6.4)

0

1.00

 GDM

190 (7.9)

20 (8.8)

2.5

0.61

24 (11.0)

18 (8.3)

0.80

0.33

 FGR

161 (6.7)

6 (2.7)

9.7

0.02

9 (4.1)

6 (2.8)

3.6

0.60

 Abortion

88 (3.7)

15 (6.6)

3.2

0.045

19 (8.7)

13 (6.0)

1.4

0.36

 TPD

142 (5.9)

8 (3.5)

7.0

0.18

9 (4.1)

8 (3.7)

0.87

1.00

 CHD

161 (6.7)

6 (2.7)

9.7

0.02

21 (9.6)

26 (11.9)

− 0.53

0.54

 Placenta

56 (2.3)

5 (2.2)

11.3

1.00

5 (2.3)

4 (1.8)

3.6

1.00

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or cases (percentage). All the variables are adjusted to achieve SMR less than 10% to reduce intergroup differences
  2. NEL non-epidural labor group, EL epidural labor group, SMD standard mean difference, PIH pregnancy-induced hypertension, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, FRG fetus growth reduction, TPD threatened preterm delivery, CHD congenital heart disease, Placenta low lying placenta or placenta previa