The relationship between the orientation of the lateral decubitus position for spinal anesthesia and positioning pain in patients with a femoral neck fracture: randomized non-inferiority trial

JA Clinical Reports

Table 2 Anesthesia/surgical characteristics

Variables	Fracture side down (n = 35)	Fracture side up (n = 31)	Difference 95% CI	P value^a,b
Intense pain when changing position, n (%)	13 (37%)	12 (39%)	− 25.0–2.2	1.00
Quality of patient position (1 unsatisfactory, 2 satisfactory, 3 good, 4 very good)	2 (2–3)	2 (2–3)		0.76
Time required for spinal anesthesia (sec)	172 (150)	185 (158)	− 88.9–63.1	0.74
Pain score†
Baseline at supine position	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)		0.95
Changing to the left lateral position	2 (1–3)	2 (1–3)		0.84
Local anesthesia was started	0 (0–1)	0 (0–1)		0.82
Puncturing spinal injection was successful	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)		0.10
Heart rate (bpm)
Baseline at supine position	81 (13)	76 (11)	− 0.4–11.2	0.069
Changing to the left lateral position	86 (14)	79 (12)	− 0.2–12.6	0.057
Local anesthesia was started	81 (12)	75 (10)	0.3–11.5	0.039*
Puncturing spinal injection was successful	80 (13)	73 (10)	1.3–12.9	0.017*
Surgical time (min)	84 (19)	89 (22)	− 14.3–5.7	0.39
Bleeding volume (mL)	143 (97)	147 (113)	− 55.1–48.3	0.90

Data are presented as means (SD) or median (IQR) or counts (percentage)
SD Standard deviation, IQR Interquartile range, CI Confidence interval
^†Pain was evaluated objectively on a scale of from 0 to 4 (0, calm; 1, facial grimacing; 2, moaning; 3, screaming; 4, unable to proceed because of restlessness or agitation)
^ap value compares fracture side down versus fracture side up
^bt test or Mann–Whitney U test used to compare means and chi-squared tests used to compare proportions