Table 1 Characteristics of patients with and without postoperative nausea and vomiting
Variable | Patients without PONV (n = 334) | Patients with PONV (n = 101) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 75 [68, 80] | 75 [70, 81] | 0.117 |
Female sex | 247 (74.0) | 89 (88.1) | 0.003 |
Weight, kg | 61.3 [54.0, 70.5] | 60.4 [50.9, 66.0] | 0.055 |
Height, cm | 152.1 [146.5, 158.6] | 149.1 [146.0, 154.0] | 0.003 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.1 [24.0, 29.6] | 26.5 [24.2, 29.0] | 0.881 |
ASA-PS | 0.249 | ||
I | 14 (4.2) | 1 (1.0) | |
II | 237 (71.0) | 78 (77.2) | |
III | 83 (24.9) | 22 (21.8) | |
History of PONV/motion sickness | 28 (8.4) | 22 (21.8) | 0.001 |
Non-smoking status | 311 (93.1) | 101 (100.0) | 0.004 |
Duration of surgery, min | 109 [97, 120] | 107 [98, 123] | 0.540 |
Duration of anesthesia, min | 151 [138, 164] | 149 [139, 163] | 0.992 |
Types of general anesthesia | 0.820 | ||
Total intravenous anesthesia | 165 (49.4) | 48 (47.5) | |
Volatile anesthetic (sevoflurane) use | 169 (50.6) | 53 (52.5) | |
Nitrous oxide use | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NA |
Intraoperative opioids other than remifentanil | 314 (94.0) | 100 (99.0) | 0.059 |
Intraoperative antiemetic (droperidol) | 248 (74.3) | 63 (62.4) | 0.024 |
Intraoperative fluid balance, ml | 663 [463, 900] | 705 [525, 880] | 0.521 |
PAI with dexamethasone | 306 (91.6) | 74 (73.3) | < 0.001 |
Postoperative opioids | 283 (84.7) | 92 (91.1) | 0.137 |
Duration of supplemental oxygen, h | 3.0 [3.0, 3.0] | 3.0 [3.0, 3.0] | 0.862 |