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Fig. 5 | JA Clinical Reports

Fig. 5

From: Bacterial contamination upon the opening of injection needles

Fig. 5

a Contamination of the lateral surface of the needle hub in the push-off top method (dry/wet/saliva). b Contamination of the bottom surface of the needle hub in the push-off top method (dry/wet/saliva). c Contamination of the inner lumen of the needle hub in the push-off top method (dry/wet/saliva). d Contamination of the needle hub in the push-off top method (paper/plastic). All bacterial data obtained under dry and wet conditions were zero, and, thus, a statistical test was not performed. The closed testing procedure was used. First, data was compared between dry, wet, and saliva hands with a significance level of 5%, and if not significant, we concluded that there are no significant differences for any pairwise comparisons and stopped the testing procedure. Second, pairwise comparisons were performed with a significance level of 5% for each test if the first step was significant. Three group comparisons were p = 0.0001, 0.0025, 0.3009, 0.0024, and 0.0122 for the lateral surface (a), bottom surface (b), inner lumen (c), paper-mount (d), and plastic-mount (d), respectively

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